Explain Using the Difference Between S and P Waves

P-waves are compression waves that apply a force in the direction of propagation. The lag time between the P and S waves is calculated by using the difference in seconds between the arrival of the P wave and the arrival of the S wave Fig.

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The earthquake P wave is an example.

. Different waves each travel at different speeds and therefore arrive at a seismic station at different times. The sample earthquake estimates 3 minutes 3 seconds 000303 for the S wave at station BCIP and 1 minute 41 seconds for the P wave 000141 so the S-P is 82 seconds 183-101. It is made of troughs and crests.

Geologists use seismic waves to locate the center of an earthquake. Calculate the difference between the arrival time of the P-wave and the S-wave. Waves can be longitudinal or transverse.

P-waves are compression waves. Subtract the P wave arrival time from the S wave arrival time to find the S-P lag time. P-waves Primary and S-waves Secondary.

Shear waves cant travel through any liquid medium so the absence of S-wave in earths outer core suggests a liquid state. As the interior of the Earth is almost incompressible P-waves transmit their energy quite easily. The earthquake epicenter is a point on the Earths surface directly above an earthquake.

Geologists use data from three or more data stations to determine the location of the epicenter. Determine the arrival times of the P-wave and the S-wave. A P wave is a longitudinal wave and travels the fastest.

Difference in arrival times between P and S waves can be used to determine the distance between the station and an earthquake. The shadow zone of S-waves is not only larger in extent but it is also a little over 40 percent of the earths surface. P-waves travel faster than S-waves and pass through Earths liquid zones The map below shows the location of an earthquake epicenter in New York State.

P-waves travel 60 faster than S-waves on average because the interior of the Earth does not react the same way to both of them. To calculate the distance from the seismograph station to the epicenter determine the lag time between the P and S waves by looking at the seismogram then use the P-S Wave Travel Time Curve Fig. Arrival time of P-wave.

For instance P waves travel through all types of medium whereas S waves only travel through solid waves this was used to deduct the. There are usually two types. Label each type of wave hnutie Time Figure 411 Illustration to accompany Question 2.

They can propagate in solid or liquid material. Seismic waves travel through the layers of the Earth. These were some differences between longitudinal and transverse waves.

3 to find the. Explain the difference between a seismograph and a seismogram. This wave can be produced in solid and liquids surface.

The shadow zone of P-waves develops as a band around the earth within 105 and 145 away from the epicenter. Once youve determined the. By knowing how far away the quake was from three stations we can draw a circle around each station with a radius equal.

Arrival time of S-wave. By studying the trajectories of S-waves scientists could prove that the Earth had a liquid outer core. Time Difference 60 10.

Remember to convert minutes to seconds. S-waves are shear waves. S waves are transverse waves that travel in a wavy motion similar to moving a jump rope back and forth in.

Use Figure 411 to sketch a typical seismogram in which the first P wave arrives 3 minutes ahead of the first S wave and 8 minutes ahead of the first surface wave. List the major differences between P S and surface waves. 11 P- and S-waves body waves Body waves propagate within a medium.

The shadow zone of P-waves appears as a band around the earth between 105 and 145 away from the epicenter. Primary P or compressional waves travel trough all types of materials including solids liquids and gases. An S wave is a transverse wave and travels slower than a P wave thus arriving after the P wave.

A seismograph measures the difference between the arrivals of P waves and S waves. Seismic stations A B and C received the data used to locate the earthquake epicenter. The shadow zone of S-wave is much larger than that of the P-waves.

Earthquake Waves Important Points. Scientists determine the epicenter by studying the P waves and S waves produced by all earthquakes. Travel the fastest arrive first to a seismic station and are a push-pull wave where the motion of the material is back and forth or parallel to the direction of the wave as it travels forward.

S-waves are slower than P-waves and speeds are typically around 60 of that of P-waves in any given material. It is made of rarefactions and compressions. Earthquake S wave is an example.

They only propagate in solid material. Using the difference in time between the arrival of P- and S-waves you can then determine the distance from the epicenter. S-waves can travel only through solids as fluids liquids and gases do not support shear stresses.

P waves are compression waves and travel faster through the Earth than S waves. P-waves and S-waves are body waves that propagate through the planet. Within the earth P-waves travel at speeds between 1 and 14 kms the precise velocity depending on the rock type.

It can travel through solids and liquids. The types of seismic waves are P waves which are longitudinal and S waves which are transverse. Seismic waves refer to the energy within the Earth due to sudden movement and explosions.

The shadow zone of the S-wave is much greater than that of the P-waves.

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